Teaching & Pedagogy

Explore foundational strategies and research-based teaching and instruction. From motivation and feedback to research-based instruction and differentiation, improve the foundation of your work in the classroom.

Research-Based Instructional Strategies

A go-to collection of practices grounded in research and proven to improve student learning outcomes.

Explore Strategies

Effective Feedback for Learning

Strategies for offering actionable, supportive, and growth-centered feedback to students.

See Feedback Tips

Student Motivation Strategies

Encourage intrinsic motivation with strategies that promote curiosity, purpose, and challenge.

Improve Student Motivation

Assessment Strategies Beyond Grading

Go beyond traditional tests with simple ways to assess understanding and guide instruction.

Move Beyond Grading

Differentiated Instruction: Strategies That Work

Adapt instruction to meet the varying needs of students through flexible grouping, choice, and pacing.

Differentiation Strategies

Teaching With Bloom’s Taxonomy

Design instruction aligned to cognitive levels using Bloom’s framework for learning objectives.

Teach More Effectively with Bloom’s

Beyond the Basics

Extend your teaching practice with models, strategies, and frameworks designed to support every learner.

Grading Alternatives & Reform

Explore issues with traditional grading and new models that better support learning. Explore grading alternatives

The Gradual Release of Responsibility Model

Move from teacher modeling to student independence with this research-based instructional framework. Read more

Building Student-Teacher Relationships

Learn ways to develop trust and rapport with students to support classroom culture and learning. See strategies

Terry Heick’s Learning Taxonomy

A unique, flexible learning model developed to promote thinking, transfer, and self-direction. View taxonomy

Diagnostic & Formative Teaching Approaches

Use ongoing observation and feedback to adapt instruction and support student progress. Learn more

Featured Research

Selected peer-reviewed studies with clear classroom implications for K–20.

A study of the impact of project-based learning on student learning outcomes: A meta-analysis

Frontiers in Psychology (2023)

Key finding: Compared with traditional instruction, project-based learning (PBL) shows significant positive effects on academic achievement, affective attitudes, and higher-order thinking skills.

Citation: Zhang, L., et al. (2023). Frontiers in Psychology. Open access link

A systematic review of meta-analyses on the impact of formative assessment on K–12 students’ learning

Sustainability (2024)

Key finding: Across 13 meta-analyses, formative assessment produced positive effects ranging from trivial to large, with no negative impacts identified; effects varied by FA type.

Citation: Sortwell, A., et al. (2024). Sustainability. Publisher link

Judgments of learning following retrieval practice further enhance learning

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition (2023)

Key finding: Adding quick post-quiz “judgments of learning” (JOLs) after retrieval practice yields additional learning gains beyond testing alone—an easy classroom tweak.

Citation: Zhao, W., et al. (2023). JARMAC. Open access link

The effect of clarity on learning: Impacting motivation and cognitive load

Communication Education (2024)

Key finding: Instructor clarity improves learning partly by reducing cognitive load and supporting motivation—underscoring explicit learning goals and success criteria.

Citation: Serki, N., et al. (2024). Communication Education. Publisher link

Summaries are condensed for classroom utility. Follow the links for methods, samples, and effect sizes.